Medical Device Reprocessing Association of Ontario (MDRAO) Practice Exam

What is a crucial factor in ensuring effective sterilization?

1. Increased humidity inside the sterilizer

2. Proper removal of air from the packs

3. Using oily substances on the devices

4. Overloading the sterilizer

The correct answer is: Proper removal of air from the packs

Effective sterilization relies on the proper removal of air from the packs because air can create barriers to the sterilizing agent, preventing it from efficiently penetrating and contacting all surfaces of the instruments being sterilized. This is particularly important in steam sterilization, where steam must displace air to ensure that the entire load reaches the required temperature and pressure for effective sterilization. When air is not adequately removed, it can cause cold spots and incomplete sterilization, as it prevents the steam from reaching and enveloping the items uniformly. Additionally, in the case of gas sterilizers or other methods, the presence of air can also interfere with the contact of the sterilant with the surface of the items needing sterilization. The other factors presented contribute negatively to the sterilization process, such as increased humidity, which can lead to condensation and potentially compromise the efficacy of the sterilization, or the use of oily substances that can create a film preventing proper sterilant contact. Overloading the sterilizer can lead to insufficient air removal and uneven distribution of the sterilizing agent. Therefore, ensuring proper air removal is essential for achieving successful sterilization outcomes.